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Microbial degradation of high-molecular polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Bachmannová, Christina ; Cajthaml, Tomáš (advisor) ; Mikušová, Gabriela (referee)
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are anthropogenic pollutants of the environment that reprsent danger to human health. Thus, there is a great need for knowledge of their degradation mechnaims that could be utilized for bioremediation of the contaminated environment. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with higher molecular weight are rather insoluble substances with very low bioavailability and one of them i.e. benzo[a]pyrene was found to cause carcinogenic effects and other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are potential carcinogens. In this thesis, I describe information of microbial degradation pathways of suspected carcinogens such as benzo[a]pyrene, benz[a]nthracene, dibenz[a]anthracene, benzo[k] fluoroanthene, benzo[b]fluoroanthene, chrysene and indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene. I also discuss enzymes of degradation pathways, namely ring-hydroxylating dioxygenases, dihydrodiol dehydrogenases, ring-cleaving dioxygenases and their adaptations to catabolism of heavy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Key words: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, Pseudomonas, biodegradation, benzo[a]pyrene
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Antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas sp.
Gold, Lukáš ; Vejsová, Marcela (advisor) ; Voxová, Barbora (referee)
Lukáš Gold The resistance of Pseudomonas bacteria species to antibiotics Bachelor thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove Medical laboratory technician This work was focused on summarising the basic knowledge on the resistance of Pseudomonas bacteria species to antibiotics, and the connection between their resistance and their diagnostics using new techniques, especially the mass spectrometry MALDI - TOF. As an introduction to this very extensive topic, we included a chapter on the general characteristics of Pseudomonas, in order to clarify the mechanisms by which resistance to antibiotics arise. Part of this review also includes laboratory diagnosis using conventional phenotypic methods as well as new techniques, mainly using the mass spectrometry MALDI - TOF. A small and yet considerably significant section of the work includes chapters on the infections caused by the Pseudomonas species and their recommended therapies. The position of the Pseudomonas species as one of the nosocomial pathogens is generally made mention of in this work. This review therefore, contains general information on Pseudomonas species that are related to their resistance to antibiotics, and mainly pertaining to their mechanisms of resistance and production of carbapenemases, which can be...
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Diversity and interactions of microbes associated with White nose syndrome
Fabryová, Anna ; Kolařík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Haňáčková, Zuzana (referee)
White-nose syndrome is a severe disease of hibernating bats, which has been lately revealed among their colonies in United States and Canada. This infection causes extensive declines of bat populations in aforementioned area. Causative agent of this disease is a psychrophilic fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans. The syndrome got its name according to a white fungal growth found on affected bats. Recently it has been shown that growth of P. destructans is probably inhibited by Pseudomonas bacteria species. In this work existing knowledges of bacterial-fungal interactions are summarized and significant antifungal metabolites of Pseudomonas species are exhibited.
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